( 1. 中國海洋大學 材料科學與工程研究院，青島 266003；
2. 山東大學 材料液態(tài)結構與遺傳性教育部重點實驗室，
濟南 250061)
摘 要: 采用機械合金化結合熱壓燒結法制備了一種新型Fe3Al-Cu基剎車材料，并對其力學性能及摩擦學特性進行了研究。 結果表明， 相比Fe基材料， Fe3Al-Cu基剎車材料密度小，強度高， 隨著Cu含量的增加（6％~30%， 質(zhì)量分數(shù)）， 其硬度和強度降低， 摩擦系數(shù)和磨損率都升高。 Cu含量為12％~18%時摩擦系數(shù)高而穩(wěn)定， 耐磨性好，此時摩擦系數(shù)為0.5~0.55， 平均磨損率約1.5×10-5 mm3·N-1·m-1。 不同階段材料的摩擦磨損機制不同，摩擦初期以磨粒磨損為主； 中期主要包括塑性變形、 裂紋擴展和疲勞斷裂； 后期主要是氧化磨損， 當Cu含量過高時（大于24%）會發(fā)生粘著磨損。
關鍵字: Fe3Al-Cu；剎車材料；力學性能；摩擦磨損
Fe3Al-Cu base brake materials
（ 1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering,
Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;
2. Key Laboratory for Liquid Structure and Heredity of Ministry of Education,
Shandong University, Ji'nan 250061, China）
Abstract: New Fe3Al-Cu base brake materials were prepared by mechanical alloying and hot pressing. The mechanical properties and dry sliding tribological properties were studied. The results show that in this experiment, compared with Fe-based material, Fe3Al-Cu based brake materials have lower density and higher strength. With the increase of Cu content (6%-30%), the hardness and strength of brake materials decrease, and the friction coefficient and wear rate increase. The brake materials with 12%-18% Cu have high and smooth friction coefficient, and excellent wear resistance, the friction coefficient of which is 0.50-0.55 and the average wear rate is about 1.5×10-5mm3/(N·m). There are different wear mechanisms during different friction stages. The first period is mainly abrasive wear, the latter includes plastic deformation, crack propagation and fatigue fracture, and the last is oxidation wear. When the content of Cu is more than 24%, the adhesion of brake material to the counterpart takes place, which leads to serious wear.
Key words: Fe3Al-Cu; brake material; mechanical property; friction and wear
