(1. 浙江工業(yè)大學(xué) 化學(xué)工程與材料學(xué)院, 杭州 310014;
2. 中南大學(xué) 冶金科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院， 長沙 410083)
摘 要: 研究五氯化銻及其鹽酸溶液的水解過程。 結(jié)果表明： 銻的水解率隨加水量的增加而升高； 陳化時間增加， 其水解率提高。 X射線衍射和掃描電鏡能譜分析表明： 五氯化銻及其鹽酸溶液的初始水解產(chǎn)物不是SbO2Cl， 而是一種非晶態(tài)銻氧化合物； 隨著水解母液酸度的降低， 五氯化銻溶液水解產(chǎn)物陳化五天后的晶型由非晶態(tài)向晶態(tài)變化； 五氯化銻溶液水解產(chǎn)物經(jīng)無水乙醇洗滌后水解產(chǎn)物仍為非晶態(tài)， 而經(jīng)蒸餾水洗滌雖主要為非晶態(tài)， 但有少部分結(jié)晶的Sb2O5·4H2O晶體存在。
關(guān)鍵字: 五氯化銻; 五氧化二銻; 水解; 晶型
（1. College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science,
Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China;
2. School of Metallurgical Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract: The hydrolysis process of antimony pentachloride and its hydrochloric acid solution was studied. The results indicate that the hydrolysis rate of antimony increases with increasing the addition of water and the aging time. The analysis of X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope energy dispersion spectra show that the primary hydrolysis products of antimony pentachloride and its hydrochloric acid solution are amorphous antimony oxide rather than SbO2Cl. With decreasing acid concentration in the mother liquid， the hydrolysis products of antimony pentachloride transforms from amorphous to crystalline after aging of 5 d. The hydrolysis product washed by ethanol is amorphous, while the product washed by distilled water is amorphous containing a little Sb2O5·4H2O crystalline.
Key words: antimony pentachloride; antimony pentoxide; hydrolysis; crystalline
