(中南大學 資源加工與生物工程學院， 長沙 410083)
摘 要: 嗜酸氧化亞鐵硫桿菌(Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans)是目前研究得最多的浸礦細菌， 其能量代謝途徑復雜多樣。 在有氧條件下， A. ferrooxidans以氧化Fe2+、 H2或(和)各種還原性硫化物提供能量來生長， 在亞鐵氧化系統(tǒng)中， A. ferrooxidans的各種菌株氧化亞鐵后產生的電子經(jīng)大致相同的傳遞途徑傳遞給最終電子受體O2， 但是最初電子受體可能有所不同。 討論了A. ferrooxidans亞鐵氧化系統(tǒng)中電子順電勢梯度傳遞的各個電子傳遞載體的組成， 基因結構和特征以及可能的相互作用機制； 同時， 介紹了A. ferrooxidans生長過程中， 少量電子經(jīng)細胞色素bc1復合體逆電勢梯度傳遞、 參與還原力NAD(P)H的生成和CO2固定過程中可能存在的電子傳遞模式， 以及A. ferrooxidans在不同生長基質中生長時rus操縱子的轉錄調控模式。
關鍵字: 亞鐵氧化系統(tǒng)； 嗜酸氧化亞鐵硫桿菌； 電子傳遞； rus操縱子
（School of Resources Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract: Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, one kind of the best studied bioleaching microorganisms， has a complex diversity of energy metabolic pathways. Under aerobic conditions, A. ferrooxidans grows with energy from oxidation of Fe2+, H2 or/and various reductive sulfides, and the electrons released by oxidation of Fe2+ are transferred through a similar electron transport chain to the final electron acceptor O2, though the first electron acceptor may be different from one strain to another stain of A. ferrooxidans. The gene structures and gene feature of electron carriers, and the possible mechanism of the interactions between the electron carriers in the downhill flow of electron transfer during ferrous oxidation were investigated, and the possible electron transfer model for a few of electrons transported through bc1 complex by way of uphill flow of electron transfer for production of the reductive product NAD(P)H for CO2 fixation during the growth of A. ferrooxidans, as well as the transcript regulation mechanism of rus operon of A. ferrooxidans growing in different media were introduced.
Key words: Fe2+ oxidation system; Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans; electron transfer; rus operon
