( 1. 東北大學(xué) 材料與冶金學(xué)院, 沈陽 110004;
2. 沈陽遠大環(huán)境工程公司, 沈陽 110161)
摘 要: 采用高溫固相還原法， 選用廉價工業(yè)廢渣——鼓風(fēng)爐渣M作還原劑， 利用M渣中殘余的C將鉻渣中主要以Na2CrO4形式存在的Cr(Ⅵ)還原成Cr(Ⅲ)， 實現(xiàn)對鉻渣的解毒處理。 研究了溫度、 反應(yīng)時間、 鉻渣質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)的影響， 確立了實驗優(yōu)化條件， 并對終渣的安全性進行了分析。 結(jié)果表明： 質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為23％的鉻渣在1 350 ℃反應(yīng)2 h， 終渣中Cr(Ⅵ)浸出值僅為0.063 mg/L， 遠低于國標(biāo)GB5085.3—1996規(guī)定限值1.5 mg/L， 該方法簡單、 以廢治廢、 解毒徹底， 并利用終渣制備了高摻量廢渣空心砌塊， 強度等級達到《GB 8239—1997普通混凝土小型空心砌塊》MU7.5要求， 可作建筑物承重墻使用， 滿足我國廢渣治理大力提倡的無害化、 資源化要求， 成為鉻渣處理處置的一種新途徑。
關(guān)鍵字: 鉻渣; 鼓風(fēng)爐渣; 固相還原; 解毒
（ 1. School of Materials and Metallurgy, Northeastern University,
Shenyang 110004, China;
2. Shenyang Yuanda Environmental Engineering Company,
Shenyang 110161, China）
Abstract: A new solid reduction way to treat and dispose chromium slag with lower cost was proposed. Blast furnace slag, a very cheap industrial waste, was selected as reductant, in which the remained C reduces Na2CrO4 in order to detoxify chromium slag in solid reduction. The effects of temperatures, time and proportions of chromium slag on reaction were tested, and consequently the optimum experimental conditions were determined. The safety of final slag was also investigated. The results show that the leached Cr(Ⅵ) concentration is 0.063 mg/L under reduction reaction time of 2 h at 1 350 ℃ for 23％chromium slag, far below the GB5085.3—1996 limits, 1.5 mg/L. With a simple method, completive detoxification by another industrial waste can be performed. The treated detoxified final slag was prepared into slag-bearing hollow block, and can be used as building materials of main wall, contributing to its satisfaction of MU7.5 of GB 8239—1997, which also meets the need of innoxiousness and utility for hazardous waste of industry, and becomes an efficient approach to chromium slag treatment and disposal technologies.
Key words: chromium slag; blast furnace slag; solid state reduction; detoxification
