(南京工業(yè)大學(xué) 材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，南京 210009)
摘 要: 采用自行研制的高真空三槍直流電弧金屬納米粉體連續(xù)制備設(shè)備，通過控制充氣壓力制備不同粒徑的納米鉍粉。利用X射線衍射(XRD)、透射電子顯微鏡(TEM)和相應(yīng)的選區(qū)電子衍射(SAED)以及Simple PCI軟件等測(cè)試手段對(duì)樣品的成分、晶體結(jié)構(gòu)、形貌和粒徑分布進(jìn)行表征。結(jié)果表明：等離子體法制備的納米鉍粉純度高，粒徑分布窄，分散性好，顆粒呈鏈球狀均勻分布；納米粉體的晶體結(jié)構(gòu)與塊體材料相同，為六方結(jié)構(gòu)、空間群R-3m，晶格常數(shù)略有增大；當(dāng)電流恒定為250 A、充氣壓力從5 kPa增加到60 kPa時(shí)，納米鉍粉的平均粒徑從35 nm增加到143 nm。
關(guān)鍵字: 納米鉍粉；直流電弧等離子體；平均粒徑；制備
（College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009, China）
Abstract: Bismuth nanoparticles were prepared by controlling the working pressure of self-designed fabricated high-vacuum three-electrode DC arc plasma production apparatus in argon atmosphere. The chemical composition, crystalline structure, morphology, and particle size distribution of the samples were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffractometry (SAED) and simple PCI software. The results indicate that the prepared bismuth nanoparticles have uniform size, high purity, narrow size distribution and spherical shape, and the crystal structure of the samples is the same as that of the bulk materials, being R-3m and rhombohedral structure, a slight expansion in the lattice parameter. The average diameters of bismuth nanoparticles increase from 35 nm to 143 nm when the working pressure is from 5 kPa to 60 kPa at constant electric current of 250 A.
Key words: bismuth nanoparticles; DC arc plasma; average size; preparation
