(1. 天津大學(xué) 化工學(xué)院，天津 300072；
2. 天津大學(xué) 精餾技術(shù)國家工程研究中心，天津 300072；
3. 中國科學(xué)院 過程工程研究所，綠色過程與工程重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，北京 100190)
摘 要: 以LK-C2為萃取劑，從廢棄線路板酸性浸出液中選擇性萃取回收銅，分別研究雜質(zhì)陽離子、陰離子、pH值、萃取時(shí)間、萃取劑濃度和相比(O/A)對萃取效果的影響。結(jié)果表明：采用LK-C2從廢線路板酸性浸出液中可選擇性萃取分離銅，銅/鐵分離系數(shù)超過2 000，溶液中鋅和錫幾乎不被萃取；隨萃取平衡pH值的增大，銅的萃取率升高；隨萃取劑在有機(jī)相中濃度增加和相比增加，銅回收率增大；陰離子NO3−、SO42−和 Cl−對萃取無明顯影響。萃取劑每從溶液中萃取1 mol銅，將置換2 mol氫離子。室溫下LK-C2萃取銅的最佳工藝條件：LK-C2體積濃度為15%，相比O/A為1׃1，水相初始pH為2.00，萃取時(shí)間為10 min。在優(yōu)化條件下，一級萃取率達(dá)99.78%；用2.00 mol/L硫酸溶液對負(fù)載有機(jī)相進(jìn)行反萃，經(jīng)三級逆流反萃，銅的反萃率達(dá)到97.51%。
關(guān)鍵字: LK-C2；萃取；銅；廢線路板
（1. School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;
2. National Engineering Research Center of Distillation Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China）
Abstract:Copper was extracted with LK-C2 from acid leaching solution of waste printed circuit boards. The effects of pH of aqueous solution, reaction time, concentration of LK-C2 and phase ratio (O/A) on the extraction rate were investigated. The effects of the concentration of NO3− and SO42− on the extraction rate of Cu, Fe, Zn and Sn were also studied. The results show that the extraction reaches equilibrium quickly, and with increasing equilibrium pH of the aqueous solution, the copper extraction rate greatly increases. The copper extraction rate also increases with increasing concentration of LK-C2 and O/A ratio. The optimum conditions are determined that the concentration of LK-C2 in the organic phase is 15%, the phase ratio (O/A) is 1׃1, the pH value of the aqueous solution is 2.00 and the reaction time is 10 min. The concentrations of NO3−, SO42− and Cl− have no significant effects on the extraction rate of Cu, Fe, Zn and Sn. Under the optimized operating conditions, copper can be extracted effectively and the extraction rate reaches 99.78% at one stage. Using sulfuric acid solution (2.00 mol/L) as stripping agent, the stripping rate of copper reaches 97.51% after three series of countercurrent extracting.
Key words: LK-C2; extraction; copper; printed circuit boards
