(中南大學(xué) 冶金科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，長沙 410083)
摘 要: 以株冶集團污酸處理過程中形成的硫化中和渣為原料，在分析其浸出特性的基礎(chǔ)上，對其進行硫固定穩(wěn)定化，探索硫固定的工藝條件。研究表明：硫化中和渣中重金屬鎘和鋅的浸出率較高，其中鎘的浸出毒性嚴重超標；利用單質(zhì)硫能有效地固定渣中的重金屬，隨著加量硫的增大，固化體浸出液中的鎘和鋅濃度降低，固定效果增強；當(dāng)加硫率為55%時，鎘濃度低于浸出毒性鑒別標準；硫固定過程能在較短的加熱攪拌時間內(nèi)達到很好的效果，其最優(yōu)反應(yīng)溫度為140 ℃，固化體冷卻方式對重金屬固定效果及固化體的表面形貌影響不大，粗細廢渣顆粒的混合有利于鎘的固定。
關(guān)鍵字: 硫固定；廢渣；重金屬；浸出毒性
（School of Metallurgical Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:Based on the analysis of leaching characteristics, the sulfuration-neutralization sludge produced during the treatment process of waste acid in Zhuzhou Smelter Group Company was sulfur immobilized. The optimal conditions for immobilization process were studied. The results show that the high leaching rate of Cd and Zn in sulfuration-neutralization sludge is obtained and the leaching toxicity of Cd is much higher than the identification standard. The heavy metals Cd and Zn can be sulfur immobilized effectively. With the amount of sulfur addition increasing, the concentration of Cd and Zn in the leachate decreases, thus the effect of sulfur immobilization on sulfuration-neutralization sludge is improved. The Cd concentration of the solidified sludge with 55% sulfur addition is lower than the identification standard. The process of sulfur immobilization can be achieved in a very short heating and agitating time at the optimal temperature of 140 ℃. The cooling manner of the solidified body has minor influence on the immobilization of heavy metals and the surface morphology of the solidified body. Moreover, the blend of big and small particles of residue is propitious to the immobilization of Cd.
Key words: sulfur immobilization; waste residue; heavy metal; leaching toxicity
ISSN 1004-0609
CN 43-1238/TG
CODEN: ZYJXFK
ISSN 1003-6326
CN 43-1239/TG
CODEN: TNMCEW