(中南大學(xué) 粉末冶金國家重點實驗室，長沙 410083)
摘 要: 研究了Cr元素對93W-4.9Ni-2.1Fe高密度合金性能和微觀結(jié)構(gòu)的影響，并探討固溶淬火工藝對添加微量Cr的93W-Ni-Fe合金微觀結(jié)構(gòu)及力學(xué)性能的影響。實驗采用光學(xué)金相、掃描電鏡和能譜等對燒結(jié)態(tài)、固溶淬火態(tài)樣品的組織形貌進(jìn)行表征，采用準(zhǔn)靜態(tài)拉伸實驗對合金的拉伸強(qiáng)度和伸長率進(jìn)行測試，采用阿基米德排水法對合金的相對密度進(jìn)行測試。結(jié)果表明：隨著Cr含量(質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù))由0增加到1.5%，燒結(jié)態(tài)93W-Ni-Fe合金的拉伸強(qiáng)度、相對密度、伸長率分別由997.2 MPa、99.27%和14.94%降至834.7 MPa、95.21%和5.69%。隨著Cr含量由0增加到1.5%，固溶淬火態(tài)93W合金的拉伸強(qiáng)度、相對密度、伸長率分別由1 039 MPa、99.33%和18.37%降至888.5 MPa、96.10%和7.39%；Cr元素與W、Ni、Fe、O等元素在93W-Ni-Fe合金中生成富Cr固溶體，并在合金界面上形成偏聚，降低93W-Ni-Fe合金界面的結(jié)合強(qiáng)度，導(dǎo)致合金的力學(xué)性能降低。
關(guān)鍵字: 93W-Ni-Fe合金；固溶淬火；力學(xué)性能
（State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:The effects of solid solution quenching and element chromium additions on the properties and microstructure of 93W-4.9Ni-2.1Fe alloy were investigated deeply. Optics microsccopy(OM), scanning electricity microsccopy(SEM) and EDAX energy spectrum were used to study the microstructure and compositions of the alloys, respectively. The strength and elongation of alloys were tested with quasi-static tensile testing machine, and the relative densities of the alloys were measured by Archimedes method. The results indicate that when the Cr content (mass fraction) increases from 0 to 1.5%, the tensile strength, relative density and elongation of 93W-Ni-Fe alloy reduce from 997.2 MPa, 99.27% and 14.94% to 834.7 MPa, 95.21% and 5.69%, respectively. Meanwhile, with the Cr content increases from 0 to 1.5%, the tensile strength, relative density and elongation of solid solution quenching 93W-Ni-Fe alloy reduce from 1 039 MPa, 99.33% and 18.37% to 888.5 MPa, 96.10% and 7.39%, respectively. Elements Cr, W, Ni, Fe and O form Cr-rich solid solutions and gather along the interfaces of the alloys, which result in reducing the mechanical properties of 93W-Ni-Fe alloys.
Key words: 93W-Ni-Fe alloy; solid solution quenching; mechanical properties
