(中南大學(xué) 冶金科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，長沙 410083)
摘 要: 研究了鋁電解槽復(fù)雜開域的媒質(zhì)接觸、結(jié)構(gòu)化網(wǎng)格劃分、磁場(chǎng)邊界條件施加、場(chǎng)耦合等建模問題。運(yùn)用標(biāo)量電位法、標(biāo)量磁位法和有限體積法在商業(yè)軟件平臺(tái)上開發(fā)了鋁電解槽電−磁−流場(chǎng)的計(jì)算模塊，并與工業(yè)電解槽上的測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)比驗(yàn)證其可靠性。在此基礎(chǔ)上提出一種母線設(shè)計(jì)方法，獲得較優(yōu)的母線配置方案SG2。仿真結(jié)果表明：SG2水平電流小，磁場(chǎng)分布對(duì)稱性好；熔體平行大面流動(dòng)有助于氧化鋁輸運(yùn)。磁場(chǎng)分析結(jié)果表明：立柱母線中的電流可大幅度抵消非均勻陰極母線電流對(duì)磁場(chǎng)分布的影響，決定最終磁場(chǎng)分布。
關(guān)鍵字: 鋁電解；電磁場(chǎng)；流場(chǎng)；母線；數(shù)值計(jì)算
（School of Metallurgical Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract: The problems, including medium contact, structural grid partition, magnetic conditions on the open boundaries and coupled multi-physical fields in modeling complex aluminum reduction cells were investigated. Based on the commercial software the customized programs for calculation of the electro-magneto-flow field were developed with the voltage scalar potential method, magnetic scalar potential method and finite volume method. The simulated results were validated against the measurements on industrial cells. A busbar designing method was brought out and one optimized busbar scheme SG2 was obtained. The results from SG2 show that the horizontal currents are smaller and magnetic field distributes more symmetrically; flow of melts is parallel to the side of the cell and is of benefit to alumina transport. The magnetic results indicate that the currents of anode risers may counteract the effects of nonuniform currents of cathodic busbars on the magnetic field distribution and they are decisive of the final magnetic distribution.
Key words: aluminum reduction; electro-magnetic field; flow field; busbar; numerical calculation
