(東北大學(xué) 理學(xué)院，沈陽 110004)
摘 要: 把材料的超導(dǎo)態(tài)作為不依賴于載流子類型和傳導(dǎo)方式而存在的本征態(tài)，利用正常態(tài)的量子固體理論導(dǎo)出超導(dǎo)臨界溫度Tc的計算公式，對13種計算所需參數(shù)齊全的超導(dǎo)元素Tc值的計算結(jié)果，除Nb和Sn的誤差偏大之外，其余11種元素的計算Tc值和實驗值吻合。全部計算Tc值隨原子序數(shù)的起伏規(guī)律和測量Tc值的相同。超導(dǎo)電性判據(jù)適用于元素周期表中除了La系、Ac系和Rf、Ha和Unh之外的所有導(dǎo)電元素。計算只需要使用材料的常溫下參數(shù)，可以判定新材料是否超導(dǎo)并預(yù)測其Tc值，提出一個超導(dǎo)電性物理本質(zhì)的新觀點。
關(guān)鍵字: 超導(dǎo)材料；臨界溫度；本征超導(dǎo)態(tài)；超導(dǎo)理論
（College of Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China）
Abstract:The superconductive state of materials was taken for an intrinsic state of materials, which is independent of the charge carrier or its type. A formula of the critical temperature Tc of superconductive materials was established using ordinary quantum solid-state theory. For these 13 superconductive elements with full parameters for calculation, the calculated critical temperatures are consistent with experimental value except for Nb and Sn. A criterion for distinguishing superconductive element is obtained. The criterion is valid for all the elements except for the La, Ac system and non-conducting elements in the Periodic Table. A new viewpoint is advanced on the natural instinct of superconductivity.
Key words: superconductivity materials; critical temperature; intrinsic superconductive state; superconductive state theory
