(上海交通大學(xué) 國家模具CAD工程研究中心，上海 200030)
摘 要: 采用有限元數(shù)值算法，針對一具體鋁合金砂型鑄造工藝，充分考慮材料和邊界條件等參數(shù)的非線性特征，使用等價比熱容法處理結(jié)晶潛熱，對凝固過程進(jìn)行了三維瞬態(tài)溫度場的數(shù)值模擬。通過鑄造測溫實驗，得到了不同位置的測溫曲線，且每個位置的測溫曲線與相應(yīng)的計算溫度曲線基本吻合，從而證明數(shù)值模擬的精度和有效性；對于各測溫點的計算溫度與測量溫度的偏差情況，從測溫誤差和有限元模型兩方面進(jìn)行分析，提出降低熱電偶測溫誤差和提高數(shù)值模擬精度的具體措施。
關(guān)鍵字: 鋁合金；凝固過程；三維熱分析；瞬態(tài)溫度場；有限元法；數(shù)值模擬
（National Die and Mould CAD Engineering Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China）
Abstract:The 3D transient temperature field was solved to the aluminum alloy solidification process by employing finite element method. The nonlinear feature of material properties and boundary condition was considered and the equivalent specific heat method was adopted to treat the latent heat. The temperature measurement experiment was done and the temperature measurement curves were acquired in different location, and the measurement temperatures were basically identical with the corresponding calculated ones. Thus, it verifies the accuracy and validity of numerical simulation. The errors between the measurement temperatures and the calculated ones were analyzed from the viewpoint on both the measurement error and the finite element model. Moreover, the detailed measurements were proposed to decrease the measurement errors and improve the simulation accuracy.
Key words: aluminum alloy; solidification process; 3D thermal analysis; transient temperature field; finite element method; numerical simulation
