(東北大學(xué) 材料與冶金學(xué)院，沈陽 110004)
摘 要:
研究在LiCl-LiF-Li2CO3純鋰鹽體系中下沉式鋁液陰極槽結(jié)構(gòu)電解生成鋁鋰中間合金的工藝過程，尤其是以Li2CO3為原料代替LiCl的電解過程。采用熔鹽電解監(jiān)控儀測量電解過程中的反電動(dòng)勢、槽電壓、電流等工藝參數(shù)及電解波形圖，通過電位控制法調(diào)節(jié)Li2CO3的加料周期，同時(shí)根據(jù)得到的合金產(chǎn)品中的鋰含量探討影響電流效率的因素。結(jié)果表明，反電動(dòng)勢隨電流密度增加而增大，加入2%的Li2CO3可使反電動(dòng)勢降低0.5 V；通過控制電位法測得加料周期為15 min；在
關(guān)鍵字: 鋁鋰合金；熔鹽電解；反電動(dòng)勢；電流效率
（School of Materials and Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China）
Abstract:Al-Li master alloys were prepared using sinking-mode aluminum liquid as cathode and a mixture of LiCl-LiF-Li2CO3 as molten salt electrolyte in a laboratory cell. The electrolysis process with Li2CO3 as raw material instead of LiCl was studied in detail. The technological parameters such as back electromotive force, cell voltage, current and electrolysis waveform were measured by testing device of molten salt electrolysis. The period of Li2CO3 feeding was adjusted by the method of electric potential control. At the same time, the factor that affects current efficiency was discussed according to the lithium content of alloys obtained. The results indicate that back electromotive force increases with increasing current density and decreases by 0.5 V after adding 2% Li2CO3, the feeding period is 15 min measured by the method of electric potential control. Finally, the Al-Li alloy with the lithium content of 7.93%(mass fraction) can be obtained by electrolyzing for 3 h at the current density of 0.62 A/cm2 and at 680 ℃, and the current efficiency can reach 74.1%.
Key words: Al-Li alloy; molten salt electrolysis; back electromotive force; current density
