(中南大學 資源加工與生物工程學院，長沙 410083)
摘 要: 采用銨化焙燒及機械力化學法對鋁土礦進行尾礦除鈦和鐵及其表面化學改性。實驗時樣品中的鐵與硫酸銨的摩爾比范圍為1׃0.5~1׃4，除雜后樣品采用X射線衍射與化學成分分析來表征。闡述了各參數(shù)對表面改性的影響，實驗得到最佳改性條件為：磨礦濃度為30%，改性劑用量為3%，球料比為5，磨礦時間為8 h，球磨機轉速為500 r/min。結果表明：銨化焙燒—酸洗法能有效脫除鋁土礦礦中鈦和鐵雜質，而其它礦物成分的性質不發(fā)生改變；機械力化學法能使銨化焙燒除雜后的鋁土礦尾礦起到良好的改性效果。
關鍵字: 鋁土礦尾礦；焙燒；(NH4)2SO4；機械化學改性
（School of Resources Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:The removing of titanium and iron from bauxite tails by calcinations with (NH4)2SO4 was studied, and the surface modification of bauxite tails by mechanical force was investigated. The batch method was employed at molar ratio of Fe to (NH4)2SO4 in samples ranging from 1׃0.5 to 1׃4. The treated samples were characterized by XRD and chemical analysis. The effects of the parameters on the surface modification were also given. The optimum conditions are obtained as follows: grinding concentration 30%; dosage of coupling agent 30%; ratio of ball to tails 5; the duration of modification 8 h; rotational velocity of mill 500 r/min. The results show that the calcinations with (NH4)2SO4 is a practical way to remove titanium and iron while keeping the properties of other minerals unchanged. And the mechano-chemical reaction can promote the modifying process of the above treated bauxite railings.
Key words: bauxite tails; calcinations; (NH4)2SO4; mechano-chemical modification
