(中南大學(xué) 化學(xué)化工學(xué)院，長沙 410083)
摘 要: 研究了聚醇、聚酰胺和聚糖等一系列含有活性基團的聚合物對鋁酸鈉溶液種分過程的影響。結(jié)果表明：鋁酸鈉溶液或晶種對羥基、胺基或酰胺基等活性基團較為敏感，含胺基、羥基的聚合物都能影響鋁酸鈉的種分分解率，并能不同程度地改變產(chǎn)物的粒度分布；聚合物的相對分子質(zhì)量和濃度對種分影響較大；添加3種不同相對分子質(zhì)量的聚乙二醇，以中等相對分子質(zhì)量(10 000)的聚乙二醇對分解率的影響最大，而關(guān)于改善產(chǎn)品的粒度分布則以低相對分子質(zhì)量(2 000)的效果最好；在所研究的濃度范圍內(nèi)添加劑聚丙二醇(0~3.08×10−1g∙L−1)都可提高鋁酸鈉的分解率，其中濃度為5.13×10−2g∙L−1+時提高分頻率的效果最佳，濃度為3.08×10−1g∙L−1時改善粒度分布的效果最好，并隨添加劑濃度的增大，粒子的平均粒徑略有增大。X射線衍射結(jié)果顯示，加入聚合物后種分產(chǎn)品的晶型不變。
關(guān)鍵字: 鋁酸鈉溶液；聚合物；添加劑；表面活性劑
of sodium aluminate solution
（College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:The influence of a series of polymers with active groups including polyalcohols, polyamide and polysaccharide on the seed precipitation of sodium aluminate solution was investigated. The results show that polymers with amido or hydroxyl group can obviously change the precipitation ratio and particle size distribution of Al(OH)3 products. The dosage and molecular mess of polymers can affect the seed precipitation of sodium aluminate solution. The largest precipitation ratio can be obtained with addition of median molecular mess(about 10 000) of polymer. Polyethylene glycol with low molecular mess(about 2 000) can increase the particle size of Al(OH)3 products. Polypropylene glycol can improve the seed precipitation of sodium aluminate solution if the additive dosage is less than 3.08×10−1g∙L−1. The largest precipitation ratio can be obtained at additive dosage of 5.13×10−2g∙L−1. Polypropylene glycol with dosage of 3.08×10−1g∙L−1 can increase the particle size of Al(OH)3 products. The more the dosage of polypropylene glycol, the larger the mean particle diameter. The results of X-ray diffraction show that the crystal structure of Al(OH)3 products remains the same with or without polymers.
Key words: sodium aluminate solution; polymers; additive; surfactant
