(中南大學 資源加工與生物工程學院，長沙 410083)
摘 要: 針對廢舊鋰離子電池回收工藝中電極集流體的分離問題，根據(jù)集流體、活性物質(zhì)、粘結劑的物理化學性質(zhì)差異，對高溫焙燒法、物理擦洗法和稀酸浸出−攪拌擦洗法分離集流體與活性物質(zhì)進行研究。結果表明：高溫焙燒與物理擦洗法都不能完全使集流體分離出來，而通過稀酸溶解−攪拌擦洗聯(lián)合作用分離效果良好，在硫酸濃度為0.5 mol/L、固液比1׃10、攪拌速度200 r/min、反應時間為40 min的條件下，可以實現(xiàn)正負極活性物質(zhì)與集流體的分離，鋁箔和銅箔可直接作為產(chǎn)品回收，只有極少部分進入浸出液，浸出渣用硫酸再浸，可以使鈷、鋰全部溶出，凈化除雜后可回收鈷和鋰。
關鍵字: 廢鋰離子電池；集流體；活性物質(zhì)；稀酸浸出
from spent lithium-ion secondary batteries
OU Le-ming, ZHANG Guo-fan
（School of Resources Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China）
Abstract:The separation and recovery of valuable metals from spent lithium-ion battery were investigated. Based on different physical and chemical properties among the current collectors, active materials and binder, three methods, high-temperature calcination, stirring scrubbing and dilute acid leaching with stirring scrubbing, were used to study the separation of active materials from current collectors. Factors influencing this process such as leaching concentration, reaction time and the ratio of liquid to solid were studied. The results show that the high-temperature calcination and stirring scrubbing are invalid because the current collectors and active materials can not be separated. The dilute acid leaching with stirring scrubbing is the most optimum method. The optimum separation can be obtained in 0.5 mol/L sulfuric acid solution with ratio of liquid to solid of 1׃10, and stirring at 200 r/min for 40 min at room temperature. The active materials containing LiCoO2 and C are leached out by H2SO4 and can be used for the further recovery of cobalt and lithium. The aluminum foil and copper foil are obtained as product by cleaning current collectors.
Key words: spent lithium-ion secondary battery; current collectors; active materials; diluted acid leaching
