動力學(xué)的影響
(1. 北京科技大學(xué) 冶金與生態(tài)工程學(xué)院，
教育部生態(tài)與循環(huán)冶金重點實驗室，北京100083;
2. 中南大學(xué) 資源加工與生物工程學(xué)院，長沙 410083)
摘 要: 假定生物浸出過程細菌的作用是間接作用，以實驗室柱浸模擬次生硫化銅礦生物堆浸，基于細菌生長Monod方程及收縮核模型建立細菌生長動力學(xué)因子影響硫化礦浸出速率的動力學(xué)模型，研究銅浸出速率、溶液總鐵、溶液中細菌濃度與時間的關(guān)系、細菌產(chǎn)出率和細菌飽和系數(shù)對浸出速率影響的動力學(xué)規(guī)律。動力學(xué)研究表明，在浸出早期，氧化浸出速率、溶液中總鐵濃度以及溶液中的細菌數(shù)量增長較快，而在浸出后期則增長較慢。計算與實際結(jié)果表明，細菌最大生長比速率、細菌產(chǎn)出率、細菌飽和常數(shù)及溶液中Fe離子的濃度均對硫化礦的氧化浸出速率有明顯影響，尤其在浸出早期影響較大。應(yīng)用動力學(xué)模型仿真結(jié)果與實際基本符合，可分析生物因素對浸出的影響趨勢。
關(guān)鍵字: 生物冶金；細菌浸出；生物堆浸；次生硫化銅礦；動力學(xué)
kinetics of secondary copper sulfide
（1. School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science
and Technology, The Key Ecology and Recycling Metallurgy Laboratory
of Education Ministry, Beijing 100083, China;2. School of Resource Processing and Biology, Central South University,
Changsha 410083,China）
Abstract:Based on the indirect function of bacteria in the leaching process, Monod equation and Shrink core kinetics equation, the bacteria growth and sulfide bioleaching kinetics model about secondary copper sulfide column bioleaching simulating heap bioleaching were proposed, and the variation rules of copper leaching rate and bacteria and total iron concentration in the solution by the time were determined, and the kinetics of leaching speed affected by bacteria maximal growth specified rates and bacteria yield rate and bacteria saturated coefficient respectively were studied. The results show that in the prophase time of leaching process, the leaching rate, total iron concentration and bacteria cells increase rather quicker than those in the anaphase time of leaching, and the biological factors affect the leaching process when in the prophase time. The results of calculated and experimented of mining heap bioleaching show a good consistence, and it proves that the primary kinetics model can give an availability description about heap bioleaching process.
Key words: biohydrometallurgy; bioleaching; heap leaching; secondary copper sulfide; kinetics model
